Hot Rolled and Cold Drawn Hastelloy X Round Bar for
High-Temperature Applications
Hastelloy X is a nickel - chromium - iron - molybdenum superalloy
renowned for its exceptional performance in high - temperature
environments. The hot rolled and cold drawn Hastelloy X round bar,
as a high - precision product derived from this superior alloy,
combines excellent mechanical properties, chemical stability, and
processing versatility, making it an indispensable material in
industries that demand reliable performance under extreme heat
conditions.
1. Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of Hastelloy X round bar is precisely
controlled to ensure its outstanding high - temperature resistance
and corrosion resistance. The typical composition (by weight
percentage) is as follows:
- Nickel (Ni): 47.0% - 50.0% (serves as the base element, providing
excellent ductility and resistance to thermal fatigue)
- Chromium (Cr): 20.5% - 23.0% (enhances oxidation resistance and
high - temperature corrosion resistance, forming a dense oxide film
on the surface)
- Iron (Fe): 17.0% - 20.0% (improves the alloy's strength and
processability while maintaining cost - effectiveness)
- Molybdenum (Mo): 8.0% - 10.0% (boosts the alloy's strength at high
temperatures and enhances resistance to pitting and crevice
corrosion)
- Cobalt (Co): 0.5% - 2.5% (aids in improving the alloy's high -
temperature creep strength and thermal stability)
- Tungsten (W): 0.2% - 1.0% (further enhances the alloy's high -
temperature strength and hardness)
- Carbon (C): Maximum 0.10% (controls the formation of carbides to
avoid brittleness while maintaining appropriate strength)
- Silicon (Si): Maximum 1.0% (assists in deoxidation during the
manufacturing process and improves oxidation resistance)
- Manganese (Mn): Maximum 1.0% (enhances the alloy's workability and
toughness)
- Phosphorus (P): Maximum 0.04% (strictly controlled to prevent
brittleness at high temperatures)
- Sulfur (S): Maximum 0.03% (minimized to avoid the formation of
harmful sulfide inclusions)
2. Mechanical Properties
The hot rolled and cold drawn processes significantly optimize the
mechanical properties of Hastelloy X round bar, enabling it to
maintain excellent performance even in high - temperature
environments. The typical mechanical properties (tested at room
temperature unless otherwise specified) are listed below:
- Tensile Strength (σb): Minimum 760 MPa (after cold drawing, the
tensile strength can be further increased by 10% - 15% compared to
the hot rolled state, depending on the degree of cold working)
- Yield Strength (σ0.2): Minimum 380 MPa (the cold drawn round bar
has a higher yield strength, usually ranging from 420 MPa to 480
MPa, ensuring better resistance to plastic deformation under load)
- Elongation (δ5): Minimum 30% (even after cold drawing, the
elongation remains above 20%, maintaining good ductility for
forming and processing)
- Reduction of Area (ψ): Minimum 40% (indicates excellent toughness
and resistance to fracture during stress application)
- Hardness (HB): Hot rolled state: 200 - 240 HB; Cold drawn state:
230 - 280 HB (the increase in hardness after cold drawing enhances
the wear resistance of the round bar, making it suitable for
applications with slight wear conditions)
- High - temperature Mechanical Properties: At 800°C, the tensile
strength is still above 450 MPa, and the creep rupture strength
(1000 hours) is about 180 MPa; at 1000°C, the tensile strength is
around 280 MPa, and the creep rupture strength (1000 hours) is
approximately 80 MPa. These properties ensure the round bar can
operate stably for a long time in high - temperature working
conditions.
3. Key Features
3.1 Excellent High - temperature Resistance
Hastelloy X round bar can withstand continuous operating
temperatures up to 1200°C and short - term exposure temperatures up
to 1300°C. Its unique alloy composition enables it to resist
oxidation, carburization, and nitridation in high - temperature
atmospheres, avoiding performance degradation caused by high -
temperature corrosion.
3.2 Superior Mechanical Stability
The combination of hot rolling and cold drawing processes refines
the grain structure of the alloy, reducing internal defects and
improving the uniformity of mechanical properties. Even under
cyclic heating and cooling conditions (thermal cycling), the round
bar has low thermal expansion coefficient and good thermal fatigue
resistance, minimizing the risk of cracking or deformation.
3.3 Outstanding Corrosion Resistance
In addition to high - temperature corrosion resistance, Hastelloy X
round bar also exhibits excellent resistance to various corrosive
media, such as dilute sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid (at low
concentrations and moderate temperatures), and organic acids. This
makes it suitable for applications where high - temperature and
corrosive environments coexist.
3.4 Good Processability
The hot rolled round bar has good plasticity, which is easy for
forging, bending, and welding; the cold drawn round bar has high
dimensional accuracy (tolerance can be controlled within ±0.05 mm)
and smooth surface finish (Ra ≤ 1.6 μm), reducing the need for
subsequent processing and improving production efficiency.
3.5 Long - term Service Life
Due to its excellent resistance to high - temperature creep,
thermal fatigue, and corrosion, the Hastelloy X round bar can
maintain stable performance for a long time in harsh working
conditions, reducing the frequency of equipment maintenance and
replacement and lowering the overall operating cost.
4. Applications
Owing to its comprehensive performance advantages, the hot rolled
and cold drawn Hastelloy X round bar is widely used in various high
- temperature industries, including but not limited to:
4.1 Aerospace Industry
- Manufacture of high - temperature components in aircraft engines,
such as turbine blades, turbine disks, combustion chambers, and
afterburners. These components need to withstand high temperatures
(up to 1100°C) and high - speed rotation loads, and the Hastelloy X
round bar's excellent high - temperature strength and creep
resistance can meet these strict requirements.
- Production of structural parts for rocket engines and space
shuttles, which are exposed to extreme high - temperature
environments during launch and re - entry, and the round bar's
thermal stability and corrosion resistance ensure the safety and
reliability of the equipment.
4.2 Energy Industry
- Used in the manufacturing of high - temperature components for gas
turbines (such as rotor shafts, stator blades, and combustion
chambers) in power plants. Gas turbines operate at high
temperatures (800 - 1000°C) and high pressures, and the Hastelloy X
round bar's mechanical properties and corrosion resistance can
ensure the long - term stable operation of the turbine.
- Application in the nuclear power industry, such as the manufacture
of heat exchanger tubes and structural parts in nuclear reactors.
The round bar's resistance to radiation - induced embrittlement and
corrosion in high - temperature coolant (such as water or liquid
metal) makes it a safe and reliable material choice.
4.3 Petrochemical Industry
- Production of high - temperature and high - pressure valves,
fittings, and pipelines for petrochemical plants. These components
are in contact with corrosive media (such as crude oil, natural
gas, and chemical solvents) at high temperatures (300 - 800°C), and
the Hastelloy X round bar's corrosion resistance and high -
temperature strength can prevent leakage and failure of the
components.
- Manufacture of catalyst supports and reactor internals in the
chemical synthesis process. The round bar's chemical stability
ensures that it does not react with the catalyst or the reactants,
maintaining the efficiency and purity of the chemical reaction.
4.4 Other High - temperature Applications
- Used in the manufacturing of heating elements, furnace linings, and
structural parts for high - temperature furnaces (such as
industrial heating furnaces and laboratory high - temperature test
furnaces). The round bar's high - temperature resistance and
oxidation resistance can withstand the long - term high -
temperature environment inside the furnace.
- Application in the automotive industry for the manufacture of high
- performance exhaust system components (such as exhaust manifolds
and tailpipes) for high - performance cars and racing cars. These
components need to withstand high temperatures (up to 900°C) and
vibration loads, and the round bar's thermal fatigue resistance and
mechanical strength can meet these needs.
Monel 400 Alloy Sheet Plate UNS N04400 Nickel Alloy ASTM B127
